What is the purpose of using a toner in a skincare routine?

Using a toner in a skincare routine primarily serves the purpose of balancing the skin's pH levels and removing excess dirt, oil, or impurities that may remain after cleansing. After washing the face, the skin can become slightly alkaline, which can make it more prone to irritation and breakouts. The toner helps restore the skin to its optimal slightly acidic state, promoting better overall skin health.

Additionally, toners often contain ingredients that aid in refining the skin's texture, minimizing the appearance of pores, and preparing the skin to absorb subsequent skincare products more effectively. This step can be especially beneficial for those with oily or acne-prone skin, as it helps control oil without stripping the skin of its natural moisture.

The other potential uses listed in the choices, such as hydration, makeup removal, and sun protection, although important in a complete skincare regimen, do not align with the primary function of a toner. Hydration is typically associated with serums or moisturizers, makeup removal is usually the role of cleansers, and sun protection is specifically provided by SPF products.